RESUMO
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease. Its frequency is higher in pale-skinned people and women over 30 years. Disease mechanisms include: abnormalities in innate immunity, inflammatory reactions to microorganisms, ultraviolet radiation damage, and vascular dysfunction. There are four clinical subtypes: erythematotelangiectatic, pustular papules, phymatous and ocular rosacea. Patients may present one or more characteristics of each subtypes. Injuries are classically located in midface area. Extreme temperatures, UV radiation, hot beberages, spicy foods, alcohol, exercise, topical irritants, psychological symptoms and drugs are associated to exacerbations. Clinical evaluation of the patient is usually enough for diagnosis. Nonpharmacologic interventions are essential for treatment. These include avoiding use of cosmetic, and triggers, skin care, and broad-spectrum sun protection. Patients with no response to general measures can respond to pharmacological agents. Topical metronidazole and azelaic acid are considered first-line treatments in mild to moderate disease. Oral tetracycline, have been used for many years for the treatment of papulopustular rosacea. Isotretinoin is useful in refractory disease. Treatment must be continous to maintain the response. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Rosácea/classificação , Rosácea/diagnóstico , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológico , Rosácea/terapiaRESUMO
FUNDAMENTOS: Não há um método adequado e fidedigno de avaliação e seguimento da severidade na rosácea. OBJETIVO: Determinar a importância da capilaroscopia periungueal como método diagnóstico e prognóstico em pacientes portadores de rosácea. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal onde foram submetidos ao exame da capilaroscopia periungueal 8 pacientes com rosácea e 8 controles no período entre maio e julho de 2009. Foram coletados dados clínicos relacionados ao sexo, idade, fototipo, classificação da rosácea de acordo com a classificação de Plewig e Kligman e a classificação da National Rosacea Society. Adicionalmente, avaliamos o tempo de evolução da doença e tratamentos previamente utilizados. RESULTADOS: A grande maioria das pacientes avaliadas (6 das 8 pacientes) apresentavam rosácea grau I (vascular) ou eritêmato-teleangiectásica. A idade média de duração da rosácea foi de 5,96 anos, sendo que 87,5 por cento faziam tratamento com metronidazol tópico. Nenhum paciente tanto do grupo rosácea como controle demonstrou evidência de desvascularização ao exame capilaroscópico. CONCLUSÃO: A capilaroscopia periungueal apresenta um padrão inespecífico e não parece auxiliar no diagnóstico ou prognóstico da rosácea.
BACKGROUND: There is no appropriate and reliable method of evaluating and monitoring severity in rosacea. OBJECTIVE: To determine the importance of nailfold capillaroscopy as a diagnostic and prognostic method for patients with rosacea. METHODS: A cross-sectional study where eight patients with rosacea and 8 control subjects were submitted to nailfold capillaroscopy from May to July 2009. We collected clinical data related to gender, age, skin phototype, and rosacea stage according to Plewig and Kligman classification and the classification of the National Rosacea Society. Additionally, we evaluated the progression of the disease and treatment therapies previously used. RESULTS: The majority of the patients evaluated (6 out of 8 patients) had rosacea subtype I (vascular) or erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. The mean duration of the disorder was 5.96 years, and 87.5 percent of the patients were under treatment with topical metronidazole. Nailfold cappilaroscopy showed that evidence of devascularization was absent in both groups. CONCLUSION: Nailfold capillaroscopy presents a nonspecific pattern and does not seem to help in the diagnosis or prognosis of rosacea.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angioscopia Microscópica/métodos , Unhas/irrigação sanguínea , Rosácea/diagnóstico , Fatores Etários , Estudos Transversais , Capilares/patologia , Prognóstico , Rosácea/classificaçãoRESUMO
La rosácea es una condición crónica muy común en la práctica clínica diaria, principalmente en poblaciones de origen celta. Se caracteriza más frecuentemente por eritema centrofacial transitorio o persistente, vasos sanguíneos visibles, y a menudo, pápulas y pústulas. Fimas y compromiso ocular pueden presentarse. Basados en los hallazgos clínicos, se divide en cuatro subtipos: eritemato-telangiectásica, papulopustular, fimatosa y ocular. La causa es a la fecha desconocida y varias hipótesis plantean que incluyen el papel potencial de anomalías vasculares, degeneración de la matriz dérmica, factores ambientales y microorganismos tales como Demodex folliculorum y Helicobacter pylori. El tratamiento dependerá del subtipo clínico. Se discuten las indicaciones y las alternativas terapéuticas, ya sean tópicas, orales, láser y luz.
Rosacea is a chronic condition very common in clinical practice mainly among celtic population. It is characterized by transient or persistent central facial erythema, visible blood vessels, and often papules and pustules. Phymas and ocular involvement can be found. Based on the physical findings, rosacea can be classified into 4 broad subtypes: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, and ocular. The cause is unknown and several hypotheses have been postulated and include potential roles for vascular abnormalities, dermal matrix degeneration, environmental factors, and microorganisms such as Demodex folliculorum and Helicobacter pylori. Treatment depends on the clinical subtype. Indications and different therapeutics oral, topical, laser and lights are discussed.